Arisaema stewardsonii

Arisaema stewardsonii is a species of perennial flowering plant in the arum family Araceae.[2] It is a member of the Arisaema triphyllum complex, a group of closely-related taxa in eastern North America. The specific name stewardsonii honors American botanist Stewardson Brown (1867–1921). It is commonly known as the bog Jack-in-the-pulpit (or bog Jack). It is sometimes referred to as the swamp Jack-in-the-pulpit, not to be confused with Arisaema pusillum, which is also known by that name.

Arisaema stewardsonii
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Alismatales
Family: Araceae
Genus: Arisaema
Species:
A. stewardsonii
Binomial name
Arisaema stewardsonii
Britton[1]
Synonyms[2]
A. stewardsonii
    • Arisaema triphyllum f. stewardsonii (Britton) Engl.
    • Arisaema triphyllum var. stewardsonii (Britton) Stevens
    • Arisaema triphyllum subsp. stewardsonii (Britton) Huttl.

Description

Arisaema stewardsonii is a herbaceous perennial plant growing from a corm. Like most other members of the Arisaema triphyllum complex, it has three leaflets per leaf. Its spathe tube is strongly fluted (ridged), the only member of the complex with this distinctive character.[3]

Taxonomy

Arisaema stewardsonii was first described by Nathaniel Lord Britton in 1901.[1] Earlier that year, its type specimen was collected in Tannersville, Pennsylvania by Stewardson Brown, Eugene Pintard Bicknell, and Britton.[4] The author referred to the type as Stewardson Brown's Indian turnip.[5]

Arisaema stewardsonii is a member of the Arisaema triphyllum complex, a group of closely-related taxa that also includes Arisaema pusillum, Arisaema quinatum, and Arisaema triphyllum. Some authorities consider Arisaema stewardsonii to be a synonym for Arisaema triphyllum subsp. stewardsonii,[6] while other authorities, including the influential Flora of North America, lump all of the taxa in the complex into a single species concept.[7][8] However, most authorities accept the species-level members of the complex, including Arisaema stewardsonii.[3][9][10][11]

Distribution and habitat

Arisaema stewardsonii was originally found in eastern Pennsylvania growing in wet woods among Sphagnum mosses,[5] hence the name bog Jack-in-the-pulpit. It occurs primarily in the northeastern United States and the Maritime provinces of eastern Canada, ranging southward to North Carolina, and westward to Ohio.[2][6][12] Being the most northern taxon of the Arisaema triphyllum complex, it is sometimes called the northern Jack-in-the-pulpit.

Conservation

The global conservation status of Arisaema stewardsonii is unknown. Based on the conservation status of Arisaema triphyllum subsp. stewardsonii,[12] it may be inferred that Arisaema stewardsonii is globally secure (G5). It is uncommon (or worse) in North Carolina (S3), Ohio (S3), District of Columbia (S1S3), and New Jersey (S2).

References
  1. "Arisaema stewardsonii Britton". International Plant Names Index (IPNI). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries; Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 1 February 2023.
  2. "Arisaema stewardsonii Britton". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 1 February 2023.
  3. Weakley & Southeastern Flora Team (2022), pp. 180–1.
  4. "Isotype of Arisaema stewardsonii Britton [family Araceae]". JSTOR Global Plants. Retrieved 2 February 2023.
  5. Britton, Nathaniel Lord (1901), Manual of the flora of the northern states and Canada, New York: Henry Holt and Company, p. 1045, retrieved 2 February 2023
  6. USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Arisaema triphyllum (L.) Schott ssp. stewardsonii (Britton) Huttleston". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 4 February 2023.
  7. Thompson, Sue A. (2000). "Arisaema triphyllum". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). Vol. 22. New York and Oxford. Retrieved 3 February 2023 – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
  8. "Arisaema triphyllum (L.) Schott". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 1 February 2023.
  9. "Arisaema Mart.". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 1 February 2023.
  10. "Plant List". Vascular Plants of North Carolina. North Carolina Biodiversity Project. Retrieved 3 February 2023.
  11. "Arisaema". Tennessee-Kentucky Plant Atlas. Retrieved 1 February 2023.
  12. "Arisaema triphyllum subsp. stewardsonii". NatureServe Explorer. NatureServe. Retrieved 3 February 2023.

Bibliography
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