BPIFB3

BPI fold containing family B, member 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BPIFB3 gene.[5] Two variants have been detected in humans.[6][7]

BPIFB3
Identifiers
AliasesBPIFB3, C20orf185, LPLUNC3, RYA3, dJ726C3.4, BPI fold containing family B member 3
External IDsOMIM: 615717 MGI: 2675077 HomoloGene: 18807 GeneCards: BPIFB3
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

359710

378700

Ensembl

ENSG00000186190

ENSMUSG00000068008

UniProt

P59826

Q80ZU7

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_182658
NM_001376932

NM_194357
NM_001379473

RefSeq (protein)

NP_872599
NP_001363861

NP_919338
NP_001366402

Location (UCSC)Chr 20: 33.05 – 33.07 MbChr 2: 153.76 – 153.77 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Superfamily

BPIFB3 is a member of the BPI fold protein superfamily defined by the presence of the bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein fold (BPI fold) which is formed by two similar domains in a "boomerang" shape.[8] The BPI fold creates apolar binding pockets that can interact with hydrophobic molecules like lipids, such as the acyl carbon chains of lipopolysaccharide found on Gram-negative bacteria, but members of this family may have many other functions.

BPIFB3 is a member of the BPI-fold gene family and the BPI/LBP/PLUN protein superfamily

Genes for the BPI fold superfamily are found in all vertebrate species, including distant homologs in mollusks and roundworms.[9] BPIFB3 was first directly identified in a screen of rat olfactory epithelium as RYA3[10] and was recognized to be a member of the BPI fold superfamily.[11][12] In humans, the BPIFB3 gene is found with other members of the BPI/LBP/PLUNC superfamily in a cluster on chromosome 20.

Function

Like other BPI-fold family members that bind hydrophobic molecules, BPIFB3/RYA3 is a lipopolysaccharide-binding protein.[10] It is highly expressed in olfactory epithelium and the tongue,[10][11] within the cytoplasm of cells, and is thought to be similar to an odorant binding protein which presents odorant molecules to chemical odorant receptor molecules.[13]

Like other BPI-fold family members involved in defense from infection, BPIFB3 may be involved in responses to viral infections such as the enteroviruses coxsackievirus B and poliovirus in epithelial and endothelial tissue.[14][15] Its cytoplasmic location appears to be localized to the endoplasmic reticulum and influences the replication of coxsackievirus B; when BPIFB3 is knocked out in experimental systems coxsackievirus B replication dramatically increases.

References
  1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000186190 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000068008 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. "BPIFB3 BPI fold containing family B member 3 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
  6. "Homo sapiens BPI fold containing family B member 3 (BPIFB3), transcript variant 1, mRNA". 31 December 2022.
  7. "Homo sapiens BPI fold containing family B member 3 (BPIFB3), transcript variant 2, mRNA". 31 December 2022.
  8. Beamer, LJ; Carroll, SF; Eisenberg, D (April 1998). "The BPI/LBP family of proteins: a structural analysis of conserved regions". Protein Science. 7 (4): 906–914. doi:10.1002/pro.5560070408. PMC 2143972. PMID 9568897.
  9. Beamer, LJ; Fischer, D; Eisenberg, D (July 1998). "Detecting distant relatives of mammalian LPS-binding and lipid transport proteins". Protein Science. 7 (7): 1643–1646. doi:10.1002/pro.5560070721. PMC 2144061. PMID 9684900.
  10. Dear, TN; Boehm, T; Keverne, EB; Rabbitts, TH (October 1991). "Novel genes for potential ligand-binding proteins in subregions of the olfactory mucosa". The EMBO journal. 10 (10): 2813–9. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1991.tb07830.x. PMC 452990. PMID 1915264.
  11. Andrault, JB; Gaillard, I; Giorgi, D; Rouquier, S (August 2003). "Expansion of the BPI family by duplication on human chromosome 20: characterization of the RY gene cluster in 20q11.21 encoding olfactory transporters/antimicrobial-like peptides". Genomics. 82 (2): 172–84. doi:10.1016/s0888-7543(03)00102-2. PMID 12837268.
  12. Bingle, CD; Seal, RL; Craven, CJ (August 2011). "Systematic nomenclature for the PLUNC/PSP/BSP30/SMGB proteins as a subfamily of the BPI fold-containing superfamily". Biochemical Society Transactions. 39 (4): 977–983. doi:10.1042/BST0390977. PMC 3196848. PMID 21787333.
  13. Rihani, Karen; Ferveur, Jean-François; Briand, Loïc (30 March 2021). "The 40-Year Mystery of Insect Odorant-Binding Proteins". Biomolecules. 11 (4): 509. doi:10.3390/biom11040509. PMC 8067015. PMID 33808208.
  14. Coyne, CB; Bozym, R; Morosky, SA; Hanna, SL; Mukherjee, A; Tudor, M; Kim, KS; Cherry, S (20 January 2011). "Comparative RNAi screening reveals host factors involved in enterovirus infection of polarized endothelial monolayers". Cell host & microbe. 9 (1): 70–82. doi:10.1016/j.chom.2011.01.001. PMC 3048761. PMID 21238948.
  15. Delorme-Axford, E; Morosky, S; Bomberger, J; Stolz, DB; Jackson, WT; Coyne, CB (9 December 2014). "BPIFB3 regulates autophagy and coxsackievirus B replication through a noncanonical pathway independent of the core initiation machinery". mBio. 5 (6): e02147. doi:10.1128/mBio.02147-14. PMC 4324245. PMID 25491355.
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