Iliana

Iliana is a genus of skippers in the family Hesperiidae. It was described in 1937 by Ernest Layton Bell, with Iliana romulus as type species. The genus has a neotropical distribution.

For the given name Iliana, see Ileana.

Iliana
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Arthropoda
Class:
Insecta
Order:
Lepidoptera
Family:
Hesperiidae
Subfamily:
Pyrginae
Genus:
Iliana

E.L. Bell, 1937

Distribution

Species mainly occur in Peru, Brazil and Bolivia, with one species, Iliana remus, additionally known from French Guiana.[1]

Taxonomy

Placement within the Hesperiidae

The placement of Iliana within the Hesperiidae is not fully resolved. It has traditionally been placed within the Pyrgini, but Warren et al. (2008,[lower-alpha 1] 2009[lower-alpha 2]) place it in Carcharodini, which has been followed by many but not all subsequent publications including the genus. Mielke and Casagrande (2016) argue for its placement to remain in tribe Pyrgini until more in-depth reclassification has taken place.[1]

Species

At the time the genus was erected, it contained two species, Iliana remus and Iliana romulus, with the latter assigned as type species.[2] Both species were at the time newly described by Bell from specimens from the collection of Hesperiidae held by the National Museum of Natural History. The specimens were originally collected at the Putumayo river in Peru.[2] In 1953, Evans transferred Telemiades purpurascens and Echelatus heros to Iliana, and described a new subspecies of the latter, Iliana heros heroica.[1]

In a 2016 revision by Olaf Hermann Hendrik Mielke and Mirna Martins Casagrande, several changes to the genus were made: Eurypterus peruvianus and Tosta sapasoa were transferred to Iliana; Tosta capra and Tosta saltarana were synonymized to Iliana romulus; I. purpurascens, I. heros and I. heros heroica were transferred out of the genus; and three new species of Iliana were described.[1]

As of Mielke & Casagrande 2016, the genus contains the following species:[1]

  • Iliana peruvianus (Mabille, 1883)
  • Iliana bolivianus Mielke & Casagrande, 2016
  • Iliana miersi Mielke & Casagrande, 2016
  • Iliana nirtoni Mielke & Casagrande, 2016
  • Iliana sapasoa (Nicolay, 1973)
  • Iliana remus E.L. Bell, 1937
  • Iliana romulus E.L. Bell, 1937

Formerly included
  • Iliana heros (Mabille & Boulet, 1916) – originally Echelatus heros – now Austinus heros
    • Iliana heros heroica Evans, 1953 – transferred as Austinus heros heroica by Mielke & Casagrande – elevated to species Austinus heroica by Li et al. 2019[3]
  • Iliana purpurascens (Mabille & Boullet, 1912) – originally Telemiades purpurascens – now Emmelus purpurascens

Original description

In Bell, Ernest Layton (1937). "New genera and species of Neotropical Hesperiidae with notes on others (Lepidoptera, Rhopalocera)" (PDF). American Museum Novitates (914): 8–10.

References
Wikispecies has information related to Iliana.
  1. Warren, A. D.; Ogawa, J. R.; Brower, A. V. Z. (2008). "Phylogenetic relationships of subfamilies and the circumscription of tribes in the family Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera: Hesperioidea)". Cladistics. 24 (5): 642–676. doi:10.1111/j.1096-0031.2008.00218.x. S2CID 53492574.
  2. Warren, A. D.; Ogawa, J. R.; Brower, A. V. Z. (2009). "Revised classification of the family Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera: Hesperioidea) based on combined molecular and morphological data". Systematic Entomology. 34 (3): 467–523. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3113.2008.00463.x. S2CID 83800312.
  1. Mielke, O. H. H.; Casagrande, M. M. (2016). "Novas espécies de Iliana Bell, 1937, incluindo novos sinônimos e notas taxonômicas, com a descrição de dois novos gêneros de Pyrgini (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae)". SHILAP Revista de lepidopterología (in Portuguese). 44 (176): 557–581. ISSN 0300-5267. Retrieved 5 September 2022.
  2. Bell, Ernest Layton (1937). "New genera and species of Neotropical Hesperiidae with notes on others (Lepidoptera, Rhopalocera)" (PDF). American Museum Novitates (914): 8–10.
  3. Li, Wenlin; Cong, Qian; Shen, Jinhui; Zhang, Jing; Hallwachs, Winnie; Janzen, Daniel H.; Grishin, Nick V. (26 March 2019). "Genomes of skipper butterflies reveal extensive convergence of wing patterns". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 116 (13). Supporting Information: Appendix p.51. doi:10.1073/pnas.1821304116. PMC 6442542. PMID 30877254.
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