Borders of Russia
Russia, the largest country in the world, has international land borders with 14 sovereign states[1] as well as 2 narrow maritime boundaries with the United States and Japan. There are also two breakaway states bordering Russia, namely Abkhazia and South Ossetia. The country has an internationally recognized land border running 22,407 kilometres (13,923 mi) in total,[1] and has the second-longest land border of any country in the world, after China. The borders of the Russian Federation (formerly the Russian SFSR) were mostly drawn since 1956 (save for minor border changes, e.g., with China), and have remained the same after the dissolution of the Soviet Union. In 2014, Russia annexed Ukraine's Crimean peninsula in a move that remains internationally unrecognized.
As a transcontinental country in Eurasia, Russia shares borders in both Europe and Asia. Out of the 18 total land borders and maritime boundaries, 12 are in Europe and 5 are in Asia, while 1 border lies in the Bering Strait; between North America and Asia.
Overview
Russia shares borders with more countries than any other state in the world, owing to its large expanse. Both tables include two country pairs with exclusively aquatic boundaries (see below; in italics).
- Table of countries and territories that have a border with Russia (listed counterclockwise around Russia).[2]
Internationally Recognized
| Country | Land | Sea | More information |
|---|---|---|---|
 Norway | 195.8 km (121.7 mi) | 23.3 km (14.5 mi) | Norway–Russia border |
 Finland | 1,271.8 km (790.3 mi) | 54.0 km (33.6 mi) | Finland–Russia border |
 Estonia | 324.8 km (201.8 mi) | 142.0 km (88.2 mi) | Estonia–Russia border |
 Latvia | 270.5 km (168.1 mi) | none | Latvia–Russia border |
 Lithuania | 266.0 km (165.3 mi) | 22.4 km (13.9 mi) | Lithuania–Russia border |
 Poland | 204.1 km (126.8 mi) | 32.2 km (20.0 mi) | Poland–Russia border |
 Belarus | 1,239.0 km (769.9 mi) | none | Belarus–Russia border |
 Ukraine | 1,974.04 km (1,226.61 mi) | 321 km (199 mi) | Russia–Ukraine border |
 Georgia | 894 km (556 mi) | none | Georgia–Russia border |
 Azerbaijan | 327.6 km (203.6 mi) | 22.4 km (13.9 mi) | Azerbaijan–Russia border |
 Kazakhstan | 7,512.8 km (4,668.2 mi) | 85.8 km (53.3 mi) | Kazakhstan–Russia border |
 China | 4,209.3 km (2,615.5 mi) | none | China–Russia border |
 Mongolia | 3,485.0 km (2,165.5 mi) | none | Mongolia–Russia border |
 North Korea | 17.3 km (10.7 mi) | 22.1 km (13.7 mi) | North Korea–Russia border |
 Japan (Russian and international claim) | none | 194.3 km (120.7 mi) | Japan–Russia border, Kuril Islands dispute |
| Japan (Japanese claim) | none | ? | |
 United States | none | 49.0 km (30.4 mi) | USSR–USA Maritime Boundary Agreement |
Actual Control
This table includes two partially recognized entities.
| Country | Land | Sea | More information |
|---|---|---|---|
| Norway | 195.8 km (121.7 mi) | 23.3 km (14.5 mi) | Norway–Russia border |
| Finland | 1,271.8 km (790.3 mi) | 54.0 km (33.6 mi) | Finland–Russia border |
| Estonia | 324.8 km (201.8 mi) | 142.0 km (88.2 mi) | Estonia–Russia border |
| Latvia | 270.5 km (168.1 mi) | none | Latvia–Russia border |
| Lithuania | 266.0 km (165.3 mi) | 22.4 km (13.9 mi) | Lithuania–Russia border |
| Poland | 204.1 km (126.8 mi) | 32.2 km (20.0 mi) | Poland–Russia border |
| Belarus | 1,239.0 km (769.9 mi) | none | Belarus–Russia border |
| Ukraine | 2,093.6 km (1,300.9 mi) | 567.0 km (352.3 mi) | Russia–Ukraine border (pre-invasion) |
| Georgia | 572.5 km (355.7 mi) | none | Georgia–Russia border |
 Abkhazia[3] | 255.4 km (158.7 mi) | 22.4 km (13.9 mi) | Abkhazia–Russia border |
 South Ossetia[4] | 70 km (43 mi) | none | South Ossetia–Russia border |
| Azerbaijan | 327.6 km (203.6 mi) | 22.4 km (13.9 mi) | Azerbaijan–Russia border |
| Kazakhstan | 7,512.8 km (4,668.2 mi) | 85.8 km (53.3 mi) | Kazakhstan–Russia border |
| China | 4,209.3 km (2,615.5 mi) | none | China–Russia border |
| Mongolia | 3,485.0 km (2,165.5 mi) | none | Mongolia–Russia border |
| North Korea | 17.3 km (10.7 mi) | 22.1 km (13.7 mi) | North Korea–Russia border |
| Japan | none | 194.3 km (120.7 mi) | Japan–Russia border[lower-alpha 1] |
| United States | none | 49.0 km (30.4 mi) | USSR–USA Maritime Boundary Agreement |
Border details
Below is a list of subjects with both neighbouring regions of Russia with them, and in the neighbouring regions of foreign countries.
Northwestern Federal District
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Volga Federal District
Southern Federal District
North Caucasian Federal District
Ural Federal District
Siberian Federal District
- Russia
- Kazakhstan
- China
- Mongolia
- Russia
- Mongolia
- Russia
- Mongolia
- Russia
- Kazakhstan
- Russia
- Mongolia
- China
- Russia
Far Eastern Federal District
Crimea
The status of the Crimea and of the city of Sevastopol is currently under dispute between Russia and Ukraine; Ukraine and the majority of the international community consider the Crimea to be an autonomous republic of Ukraine and Sevastopol to be one of Ukraine's cities with special status, while Russia, on the other hand, considers the Crimea to be a federal subject of Russia and Sevastopol to be one of Russia's three federal cities since the March 2014 annexation of Crimea by Russia.[5][6]
In 2022, Russia declared the annexation of Ukraine's Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia regions, which remains internationally unrecognized.[7]
- Russia
- Ukraine
- Russia
See also
Notes
- See Kuril Islands dispute for information about territorial dispute between Russia and Japan over islands occupied during World War II.
References
- "Russia", The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency, 12 October 2022, retrieved 14 October 2022
- "Сопредельные страны | Росграница". 13 March 2017. Archived from the original on 13 March 2017.
- The political status of Abkhazia is disputed. Having unilaterally declared independence from Georgia in 1992, Abkhazia is formally recognised as an independent state by 5 UN member states (two other states recognised it but then withdrew their recognition), while Georgia continues to claim it as part of its own territory, designating it as Russian-occupied territory.
- South Ossetia's status is disputed. It considers itself to be an independent state, but this is recognised by only a few other countries. The Georgian government and most of the world's other states consider South Ossetia de jure a part of Georgia's territory.
- Gutterman, Steve (18 March 2014). "Putin signs Crimea treaty, will not seize other Ukraine regions". Reuters.com. Archived from the original on 18 March 2014. Retrieved 26 March 2014.
- "Ukraine crisis: Timeline". BBC News. 13 November 2014.
- "Russia's Federation Council ratifies annexation of four Ukrainian regions". Reuters. 4 October 2022.
External links
- Федеральное агентство по обустройству государственной границы Российской Федерации (Росграница)/ The Federal Agency for the Development of the State Border Facilities of the Russian Federation (Rosgranitsa) – official site of the government agency responsible for Russia's international borders
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