Blok perdagangan

Blok perdagangan atau blok dagang adalah perjanjian antarpemerintah yang bertujuan mengurangi atau menghapus hambatan dagang (tarif dan lain-lain) antara negara-negara yang menandatanganinya. Perjanjian ini biasanya bagian dari organisasi antarpemerintah regional.

Blok perdagangan bisa berupa perjanjian terpisah antara beberapa negara (misalnya Perjanjian Perdagangan Bebas Amerika Utara) atau bagian dari organisasi regional (misalnya Uni Eropa). Blok perdagangan dapat dibagi sesuai tingkat integrasi ekonominya: kawasan perdagangan preferensial, kawasan perdagangan bebas, persatuan pabean, pasar bersama, atau persatuan ekonomi dan moneter.[1]

Daftar blok perdagangan
  • Daftar kawasan perdagangan preferensial
  • Daftar kawasan perdagangan bebas (bilateral, multilateral)
  • Daftar persatuan pabean
  • Daftar pasar bersama
  • Daftar persatuan ekonomi
  • Daftar persatuan moneter
  • Daftar persatuan pabean dan moneter
  • Daftar persatuan ekonomi dan moneter
  • Persatuan moneter
  • Persatuan pabean
  • Kawasan perdagangan bebas
  • Mercosur

Istilah

Pasar bersama (common market) merupakan tahap integrasi ekonomi untuk mencapai persatuan ekonomi[2] atau pasar terpadu (unified market).

Pasar tunggal (single market) adalah blok dagang yang melenyapkan sebagian besar hambatan perdagangan barang.

Statistik
Blok dagang Jumlah penduduk Produk domestik bruto (USD) Anggota
2006 2007 pertumbuhan per kapita
Persatuan ekonomi dan moneter
EMU 324,879,19510,685,946,928,31012,225,304,229,68614.41%37,630
17
OECS 593,9053,752,679,5623,998,281,7316.54%6,732
6
OII 504,47612,264,278,32914,165,953,20015.51%28,081
3
CCCM 6,418,41739,616,485,62343,967,600,76510.98%6,850
12
EEA 499,620,52114,924,076,504,59217,186,876,431,70915.16%34,400
30
Persatuan pabean dan moneter
CEMAC 39,278,64551,265,460,68558,519,380,75514.15%1,490
6
UEMOA 90,299,94550,395,629,49458,453,871,28315.99%647
8
Persatuan pabean
CAN 96,924,486281,269,141,372334,172,968,64818.81%3,448
4
EAC 127,107,83849,882,030,44361,345,180,04122.98%483
5
EUCU 574,602,74515,331,827,900,20217,679,376,474,71915.31%30,768
33
GCC 36,154,528724,460,151,595802,641,302,47710.79%22,200
6
MERCOSUR 271,304,9461,517,510,000,0001,886,817,000,00012.44%9,757
5
SACU 58,000,0001,499,811,549,1871,848,337,158,28123.24%6,885
5
Kawasan perdagangan preferensial dan kawasan perdagangan bebas
AANZFTA-ASEAN+3 2,085,858,84110,216,029,899,76411,323,947,181,80410.84%5,429
15
ALADI 499,807,6622,823,198,095,1313,292,088,771,48016.61%6,587
12
AFTZ 553,915,405643,541,709,413739,927,625,27314.98%1,336
26
APTA 2,714,464,0274,868,614,302,7445,828,692,637,76419.72%2,147
6
CARIFORUM-EUCU-OCTs 592,083,95015,437,771,092,52217,798,283,524,96115.29%30,060
67
CACM 37,388,06387,209,524,88997,718,800,79412.05%2,614
5
CEFTA 27,968,711110,263,802,023135,404,501,03122.80%4,841
8
CISFTA 272,897,8341,271,909,586,0181,661,429,920,72130.62%6,088
11
DR-CAFTA-US 356,964,47713,345,469,865,03714,008,686,684,0894.97%39,244
7
ECOWAS 283,096,250215,999,071,943255,784,634,12818.42%904
15
EFTA-SACU 68,199,9911,021,509,931,9181,139,385,636,88811.54%16,707
9
  • 4 EFTA members
  • 5 SACU members
EAEC 207,033,9901,125,634,333,1171,465,256,182,49830.17%7,077
6
NAFTA 449,227,67215,337,094,304,21816,189,097,801,3185.56%36,038
3
TPP 25,639,622401,810,366,865468,101,167,29416.50%18,257
4
SAARC 1,567,187,3731,162,684,650,5441,428,392,756,31222.85%911
8
SPARTECA 35,079,659918,557,785,0311,102,745,750,17220.05%31,435
21
Pacific Alliance 218,649,1151,371,197,216,1401,525,825,175,04511.28%6,978
4
Data bersumber dari  Divisi Statistik PBB.

Lihat pula

Referensi
  1. Mansfield and Milner 2005, 333.
  2. http://publications.gc.ca/collections/Collection-R/LoPBdP/inbrief/prb0249-e.htm. Tidak memiliki atau tanpa |title= (bantuan)

Daftar pustaka
  • Mansfield, Edward D. and Helen V. Milner, "The New Wave of Regionalism" in Diehl, Paul F. (2005). The Politics of Global Governance: International Organizations in an Interdependent World. Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers. ISBN 978-1-55587-654-8.
  • Milner, Helen V., "International Trade" in Carlsnaes, Walter; Thomas Risse; Beth A. Simmons (2002). Handbook of International Relations. London: SAGE Publications. ISBN 978-0-7619-6304-2.
  • O'Loughlin, John; Luc Anselin (1996). "Geo-Economic Competition and Trade Bloc Formation: United States, German, and Japanese Exports, 1968-1992". Economic Geography. 72 (2): 131–160. doi:10.2307/144263. JSTOR 144263.
  • Schott, Jeffrey J. (1991). "Trading blocs and the world trading system". World Economy. 14 (1): 1–17. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9701.1991.tb00748.x.
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