Sinabar

Sinabar (/ˈsɪnəbɑːr/) dan cinnabarite (/sɪnəˈbɑːraɪt/), yang tampaknya berasal dari kata bahasa Yunani Kuno: κιννάβαρι[6] (kinnabari), merujuk kepada bebatuan bata berwarna bata merah berunsur merkuri(II) sulfida, berumur HgS, yang merupakan sumber bijih paling umum untuk mendapatkan unsur merkuri.

Sinabar
Sinabar
Umum
KategoriMineral sulfida
Rumus kimiaMerkuri(II) sulfida, HgS
Klasifikasi Strunz2.CD.15a
Simetri kristalP3121, P3221
Sel unita = 4.145(2) Å, c = 9.496(2) Å, Z = 3
Identifikasi
WarnaCochineal-red, towards brownish red and lead-gray
PerawakanRhombohedral to tabular; granular to massive and as incrustations
Sistem kristalTrigonal
Bentuk kembaranSimple contact twins, twin plane {0001}
BelahanPrismatic {1010}, perfect
PecahanUneven to subconchoidal
Sifat dalamSlightly sectile
Kekerasan (Skala Mohs)2.0-2.5
KilapAdamantine to dull
GoresScarlet
DiafaneitasTransparan dalam pecahan tipis
Berat jenis8.176
Sifat optikUniaxial (+)
Indeks biasnω = 2.905 nε = 3.256
Bias gandaδ = 0.351
Kelarutan1.04 x 10−25 g per 100 ml water (Ksp at 25 °C = 2 x 10−32)[1]
Referensi[2][3][4][5]

Sinabar digunakan sebagai pewarna sejak zaman kuno di Timur Dekat.

Pada zaman kuno, sinabar digunakan sebagai pengobatan sejak 2000 tahun terakhir. Beberapa rujukan tersedia dalam teks-teks Sansekerta.

Referensi
  1. Myers, R.J. (1986). "The new low value for the second dissociation constant of H2S. Its history, its best value, and its impact on teaching sulfide equilibria". J. Chem. Ed. 63: 689, 687–690.
  2. Mineralienatlas
  3. "Cinnabar (Hgs)" (PDF). Rruff.geo.arizona.edu. Diakses tanggal 2015-07-24.
  4. "Cinnabar: Cinnabar mineral information and data". Mindat.org. Diakses tanggal 2015-07-24.
  5. "Cinnabar Mineral Data". Webmineral.com. Diakses tanggal 2015-07-24.
  6.  Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Cinnabar". Encyclopædia Britannica. 6 (edisi ke-11). Cambridge University Press. hlm. 376.

Bacaan tambahan
  • Susan Stewart, 2014, "'Gleaming and deadly white': Toxic cosmetics in the Roman world," pp. 84f, 79-88, in History of Toxicology and Environmental Health: Toxicology in Antiquity II (Philip Wexler, Ed.), New York, NY, USA:Academic Press, ISBN 0-12-801634-5

Barone G., Di Bella M., Mastelloni M.A., Mazzoleni P., Quartieri S., Raneri S., Sabatino G., Vailati C.,Pottery production of the pittore di lipari: chemical and mineralogical analysis of the pigments, in 2 end European Mineralogical Conference, emc2016 “Minerals, fluids and rocks: alphabet and words of planet earth”, Rimini, 11-15 sett. 2016, p. 716

Pranala luar
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