Thai comics

Thai comics are comics written and produced in Thailand.

Thai comics
Banluegroup booth
Earliest publicationsc. 1932
LanguagesThai

History


According to Thai media historian Anake Nawigamune(เอนก นาวิกมูล), the first example of Siamese comics art was published around 1906 in an issue of Samran Wittaya (สำราญวิทยา) Enjoyable Knowledge], a publication founded by British-educated Kru Liam (ครูเหลี่ยม). The graphic sequence composed of two drawings depicting a conflict between a Chinese pork seller and a dog, illustrated by a short riddle in a form of a poem. Nawigamune also mentions the publication in Chotmai Het Saeng Arun (จดหมายเหตุแสงอรุณ)[Chronicles of the Dawn] in 1907 of a woodcut cartoon (strip) with accompanying verse. The first woodcut strip to appear in Chotmai Het Saeng Arun [volume 13, issue 5] is composed of four panels depicting a daring photographer ingeniously escaping the attack of a lion wearing a royal cloak with ermin-embroidered edge. The sequence is accompanied with a single sentence. Various other four-to-six-panel woodcut comic strips were printed later the same year in other issues of Chotmai Het Saeng Arun published by the Wattana Wittaya school [under the name Maek Esian Wattana Wittaya]. The identity of the artist (or artists) of these woodcut strips remains unknown and each short sequence of silent panels accompanies a poem.[1]

The artistic roots of Thai comics can be found in paintings of local ghosts based on stories of Thai folklore, appearing during the reign of King Nangklao in the early 19th century.

In 1910, King Vajiravudh created the first Thai cartoons, after being introduced to British political cartoons during his education at Oxford University. After the Siamese Revolution of 1932, the first proper comic strips were created by Sawat Chutarop(สวัสดิ์ จุฑารพ), including Sang Thong(สังข์ทอง) and Khun Maun(ขุนหมื่น), based on Popeye and Mickey Mouse Legendary Cartoonist Prayoon Chanyawong (ประยูร จรรยาวงศ์) began illustread cartoon in newspapers . a Publishing Company name Plaeunchit (เพลินจิต) began publish novel or pulpfiction on the market with many Legendary Artist like Heam Vejjakorn(เหม เวชกร), Witt Witsusatearn (วิตต์ วิตสุทธ์สเถียร),Sanea Klaykleaun (เสน่ห์ คล้ายเคลื่อน) are begin their career.[2]

Cartoons written in Thailand were strongly restricted during World War II with lack of papers for prints and many artists are refugee during a wars.[3] while Thailand's governance system became a constitutional monarchy However, during this time cartoons were also used to disseminate propaganda.[4]

The 1950s has been described as "the golden age of Thai cartoons", after war end with the creation of new characters and a marked increase in publishing with many new establish publisher are produced many fictions, magazine or comics into the market.[4].with publishing house like Bangkok Publishing(สำนักพิมพ์บางกอก) or Magazine like Chaiplurk (ชัยพฤกษ์) In 1952 Pimol Kalasee (พิมล กาฬสี)created the first comic aimed at children, Tuk Ka Ta (การ์ตูนตุ๊กตา).[5]

In 1960s many comics from decent writer/artist are improve a movement in the market with comics like Thunder Knight (อัศวินสายฟ้า) by Por. Bangphlee (พ.บางพลี)or Veeragul Thongnoi (วีระกุล ทองน้อย), Black Lion (สิงห์ดำ)[6] By Niwat Taraphan (นิวัฒน์ ธาราพรรณ) or ราช เลอสรวง, Chaochaiphomthong (เจ้าชายผมทอง) or Prince Golden Hair By Julasakk Amornvej (จุลศักดิ์ อมรเวช) or จุก เบี้ยวสกุล and many others are famous among Thai readers of this era.[7]

Between 1970 - 80s comics market in Thailand are flood with many unlicensed comics from foreign country (most of them are japanese comics) for many years until only two genre of Thai comics are survive on the market is one-baht comics (การ์ตูนเล่มละบาท) (a small book of comics with cheap papers that sold only 1 baht price contain a Horror or Ghost stories ) and Humor comics like Kai Hua Roh (ขายหัวเราะ) from bunluesarn.[8][9].while some creator or publisher are try to produce some qualities comics or magazine but not successful much.[10]

During the 90s after fixed copyright law are used in thailand every publisher in country are begin license manga from Japanese legitimately.[11] and several new comics have been created and inspired by Japanese manga notable example is Thai Comics Magazine (ไทยคอมิค) from Vibulkij Publishing The Anthologies format That showcase a work of young and upcoming talented and various publishing companies that support the work of thai cartoonist.[12][13] with famous comics series like PangPond (ไอ้ตัวเล็ก) , Knife 13th (มีดที่สิบสาม|),Joe The Sea-cret Agent and hesheit(ฮีชีอิท) are share a market with manga

In Early 2000's many famous comics by Thai creator are resurface including Apaimanee Saga, the first Thai comic that was translated into French language.[14].and PangPond a popular comedy comics that turn into animation [15].or 13 Quiz Show a short story in Comics Series My Mania (รวมเรื่องสั้นจิตหลุด|)that adapt in to famous feature film 13 Beloved.[16].various publishing companies like Bunlausarn, Vibulkij, Siam Inter Comics, Nation Edutaiment, Bongkoch, EQ+ or Punica support Thai artist consistently and with a lot of movement from indy and underground Thai comic creators like Eakasit Thairaat(เอกสิทธิ์ ไทยรัตน์),Wisut Ponnimit(วิศุทธิ์ พรนิมิตร),Ongart Chaichancheap(องอาจ ชัยชาญชีพ),Songsin Thewsomboon(ทรงศิลป์ ทิวสมบุญ),Veerachai Duangpla (วีระชัย ดวงพลา) Or magazine like Thai Comics and Let's comics that will help shape the industry for next decade.[17][18][19][20]

Notable Comics

Weekly comic books

See also

References
  1. Verstappen, Nicolas (2018). "Prayoon Chanyawongse's Cartoon Likay: Amalgamating Likay Theatrical Form and Comics into a Unique Thai Genre". The Comics Grid: Journal of Comics Scholarship. 8 (1). doi:10.16995/cg.121. ISSN 2048-0792.
  2. "1927-1932".
  3. "1941-1945".
  4. "Drawing a perfect Thailand". Bangkok Post. 2015-10-19. Retrieved 2021-04-13.
  5. "1952-1956".
  6. "สิงห์ดำ".
  7. "1957-1963 บ้านการ์ตูนไทยหอสมุดวังท่าพระ".
  8. "1978-1982 บ้านการ์ตูนไทยหอสมุดวังท่าพระ".
  9. "1984-1987 บ้านการ์ตูนไทยหอสมุดวังท่าพระ".
  10. "1970-80 การ์ตูนไทยในช่วงยุคนี้".
  11. "พระราชบัญญัติลิขสิทธ์".
  12. "1992 บ้านการ์ตูนไทยหอสมุดวังท่าพระ".
  13. "1989-2007 รวมนิตยสารการ์ตูนไทยร่วมสมัย".
  14. "lambiek.net".
  15. "วิธิตา".
  16. "สัมภาษณ์เอกสิทธิ์".
  17. "องอาจชัยชาญชีพ".
  18. "let'scomic".
  19. "ทรงศิลป์ทิวสมบุญ".
  20. "วิศุทธิ์พรนิมิตร".
  21. ขายหัวเราะ Magazine
  22. มหาสนุก Magazine
  23. Dek D - Thai weekly comic books
  24. เอ๊าะ หนูหิ่นอินเตอร์ Writer
  25. 2000 บ้านการ์ตูนไทย

Further reading
  • Kurathong,Nirawan A Brief History of Thai Comics and Graphic Novels (2010). LET'S Comic Publishing. ISBN 978-616-90128-6-3.
  • Verstappen,Nicolas THE ART OF THAI COMICS: A CENTURY OF STRIPS AND STRIPES . River Books (2021) ISBN 978-6-164-51036-4.
  • Time Line In Thai Language 1917 - 2019 (เพจบ้านการ์ตูนไทยหอสมุดวังท่าพระ พ.ศ.2460-2562)
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