Achang language

The Achang language (Achang: Ngachang; Chinese: 阿昌, Burmese: အာချန်) is a Tibeto-Burman language spoken by the Achang (also known as Maingtha and Ngochang) in Yunnan, China, and northern Myanmar.[1]

Achang
Ngachang အာချန် / ငါချန်
Pronunciation[ŋa˨˩tʂhaŋ˨˩]
Native toChina, Myanmar
EthnicityAchang
Native speakers
(60,000 cited 1990–2007)[1]
Language codes
ISO 639-3acn
Glottologacha1252
ELPXiandao

Distribution

Achang is spoken in the following locations:

The Xiandao dialect (100 speakers; autonym: Chintaw /kʰan˧˩ tau˧˩/) is spoken in the following two locations in Yingjiang County, Dehong Prefecture (Xiandaoyu Yanjiu).

  • Xiandaozhai 仙岛寨, Mangmian Village 芒面村, Jiemao Township 姐冒乡[2]
  • Meng'ezhai 勐俄寨, Mangxian Village 芒线村, Jiemao Township 姐冒乡[3]

Phonology

Consonants
Consonant phonemes[4]
Labial Alveolar Post-Alv. Palatal Velar Glottal
plain sibilant
Stop aspirated pʰ tʰ tsʰ tʃʰ cʰ kʰ ʔ
voiced b d dz dʒ ɟ g
Fricative s ʃ ç h
Nasal m n ŋ
Approximant w l j

Vowels
Monophthongs[4]
Front Central Back
Close i ɯ u
Mid ɛ ɔ
Open aˑ a


Syntax

Achang word order is subject–object–verb. There is no dominant order for nouns and their adjective modifiers.[5]

References
  1. Achang at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
  2. "Yíngjiāng Xiàn Nòngzhāng Zhèn Mángmiǎn Cūn Xiāndǎo Zìráncūn" 盈江县弄璋镇芒缅村仙岛自然村 [Xiandao Natural Village, Mangmian Village, Nongzhang Town, Yingjiang County]. ynszxc.gov.cn (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 2016-03-05.
  3. "Yíngjiāng Xiàn Nòngzhāng Zhèn Mángxiàn Cūn Měngé Zìráncūn" 盈江县弄璋镇芒线村勐俄自然村 [Meng'e Natural Village, Mangxian Village, Nongzhang Town, Yingjiang County]. ynszxc.gov.cn (in Chinese). 2016-03-09. Archived from the original on 2016-03-09. Retrieved 2021-08-23.
  4. Inglis & Inglis (2003)
  5. "Language Achang". The World Atlas of Language Structures Online. Retrieved 2019-02-06.

Further reading


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