Portal:Bahrain

The Bahrain Portal

Flag of the Kingdom of Bahrain	Coat of Arms of the Kingdom of Bahrain

Bahrain (/bɑːˈreɪn/ (listen) bah-RAYN; /bæxˈreɪn/; Arabic: البحرين, romanized: al-Bahrayn, locally [æl baħˈreːn] (listen)), officially the Kingdom of Bahrain, is an island country in Western Asia. It is situated on the Persian Gulf, and comprises a small archipelago made up of 50 natural islands and an additional 33 artificial islands, centered on Bahrain Island which makes up around 83 percent of the country's landmass. Bahrain is situated between Qatar and the northeastern coast of Saudi Arabia, to which it is connected by the King Fahd Causeway. According to the 2020 census, the country's population numbers 1,501,635, of whom 712,362 are Bahraini nationals. Bahrain spans some 760 square kilometres (290 sq mi), and is the third-smallest nation in Asia after the Maldives and Singapore. The capital and largest city is Manama.

Bahrain is the site of the ancient Dilmun civilization. It has been famed since antiquity for its pearl fisheries, which were considered the best in the world into the 19th century. Bahrain was one of the earliest areas to be influenced by Islam, during the lifetime of Muhammad in 628 AD. Following a period of Arab rule, Bahrain was ruled by the Portuguese Empire from 1521 until 1602, when they were expelled by Shah Abbas I of the Safavid dynasty. In 1783, the Bani Utbah clan captured Bahrain from Nasr Al-Madhkur and it has since been ruled by the Al Khalifa royal family, with Ahmed al Fateh as Bahrain's first hakim.

In the late 1800s, following successive treaties with the British, Bahrain became a protectorate of the United Kingdom. In 1971, it declared independence. Formerly an emirate, Bahrain was declared an Islamic constitutional monarchy in 2002. In 2011, the country experienced protests inspired by the regional Arab Spring. Bahrain's ruling Sunni Muslim Al Khalifa royal family has been criticised for violating the human rights of groups including dissidents, political opposition figures, and its majority Shia Muslim population.

Bahrain developed the first post-oil economy in the Persian Gulf, the result of decades of investing in the banking and tourism sectors; many of the world's largest financial institutions have a presence in the country's capital. It consequently ranks 35th in the Human Development Index and is recognised by the World Bank as a high-income economy. Bahrain is a member of the United Nations, Non-Aligned Movement, Arab League, Organisation of Islamic Cooperation and the Gulf Cooperation Council. (Full article...)

Selected article -

Saving Hope: The Long Way to the Arab Spring (Arabic: إنقاذ الأمل: الطريق الطويل إلى الربيع العربي) is a 2013 non-fiction book by Bahraini cultural critic Nader Kadhim. Written in Arabic, it is the ninth book by Kadhim, who works as a Professor of Cultural Studies at the University of Bahrain. Written in two stages, before and during the Arab Spring, the book discusses this wave of protests from two sides; the past and the future. The past is divided into three waves, each of them corresponding to an era of hope and aspiration. First is the enlightenment wave, followed by the revolutionary wave and finally the democratic wave. The author then tackles the Arab Spring and argues that it is not the time for celebration, but an important station in the long way towards democracy.

The book was positively received by reviewers in several Bahraini media outlets such as Al-Wasat, Al Ayam and al-Bilad. In addition, the pan-Arab Al-Hayat and Kuwaiti Al Rai newspapers gave it favorable reviews. There were mild criticisms for the book, mainly concerned with its scope. Every critic thought it should have expanded more on a certain aspect. (Full article...)

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A photograph of a wind tower in Bahrain

Wind tower

A photograph of a wind tower in Bahrain. Originally Persian, they are a traditional element in Bahraini architecture.

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The Day of Rage (Arabic: يوم الغضب, romanized: Yawm al-Ghaḍab) is the name given by protesters in Bahrain to 14 February 2011, the first day of the national uprising as part of the Arab Spring. Inspired by successful uprisings in Egypt and in Tunisia, Bahraini youth organised protests using social-media websites. They appealed to the Bahraini people "to take to the streets on Monday 14 February in a peaceful and orderly manner". The day had a symbolic value, being the ninth and tenth anniversaries of the country's 2002 constitution and the National Action Charter respectively.

Some opposition parties supported the protests' plans, while others did not explicitly call for demonstration. However, they demanded deep reforms and changes similar to those by the youth. Before the start of protests, the cabinet of Bahrain had introduced a number of economic and political concessions. The protests started with a sit-in in solidarity with the Egyptian Revolution of 2011 in the vicinity of the Egyptian embassy in the capital Manama ten days before the Day of Rage. On the eve of 14 February, security forces dispersed hundreds of protesters south of Manama. (Full article...)

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Qal'at al-Bahrain Mansoor al-Jamri Bahrain Bloody Thursday 2013 Bahrain GP2 Series round March of loyalty to martyrs Al Khawalid Bahrain health worker trials Abdul Amir al-Jamri Bahrain Tamarod Nabeel Rajab Matar Matar Death of Abdulredha Buhmaid Beit Al Quran Bahrain Thirteen 2015 Bahrain GP2 Series round 2014 Bahrain Grand Prix Abu Sa'id al-Jannabi 2014 Bahrain GP2 Series round

General images -
The following are images from various Bahrain-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Greater flamingos (Phoenicopterus roseus) are native to Bahrain. (from Bahrain)
Image 2Gudaibiya mosque, in Manama (from Bahrain)
Image 3The proposed federation of Arab emirates (from History of Bahrain)
Image 4Satellite view of Bahrain and eastern Saudi Arabia in 2016. (from Bahrain)
Image 5Female students at the University of Bahrain dressed in traditional garb (from Bahrain)
Image 6Bahrain map 2014 (from Bahrain)
Image 7Location of the Dilmun burial mounds in Bahrain. (from History of Bahrain)
Image 8The Isa ibn Ali Al Khalifa house is an example of traditional architecture in Bahrain. (from Bahrain)
Image 9The King Fahd Causeway as seen from space (from Bahrain)
Image 10Over 100,000 of Bahrainis taking part in the "March of Loyalty to Martyrs", honoring political dissidents killed by security forces, on 22 February. (from History of Bahrain)
Image 11A 1745 Bellin map of the historical region of Bahrain (from Bahrain)
Image 12The emir Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa heads the opening session of the first conference on the formation of a union of the Gulf emirates in February 1968. (from History of Bahrain)
Image 13Coronation of Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa as the Hakim of Bahrain in 1933. (from History of Bahrain)
Image 14Dilmun burial mounds in 1918. (from History of Bahrain)
Image 15The Bahrain Fort, location of Dilmun artifacts. (from History of Bahrain)
Image 16Map of Bahrain in 1825. (from Bahrain)
Image 17Facsimile of the letter written by Muhammed to the ruler of Bahrain. (from History of Bahrain)
Image 18RBNS Sabha of the Royal Bahraini Navy taking part in a multilateral sea exercise (from Bahrain)
Image 19An artisan making pottery using the traditional mud and water mixture on a revolving wheel. (from Bahrain)
Image 20Manama skyline as viewed from Juffair (from Bahrain)
Image 21A photograph of the First Oil Well in Bahrain, with oil first being extracted in 1931 (from Bahrain)
Image 22The Tree of Life, a 9.75 meters high Prosopis cineraria tree that is over 400 years old (from Bahrain)
Image 23First Oil Well, Bahrain. (from History of Bahrain)
Image 24The historical region of Bahrain on a 1745 Bellin map (from History of Bahrain)
Image 25Ambulance in International Hospital of Bahrain (from Bahrain)
Image 26Map showing the locations of the ancient burial mounds. There are an estimated 350,000 burial mounds. (from Bahrain)
Image 27Arad Fort in Arad; constructed before the Portuguese assumed control. (from Bahrain)
Image 28The Sasanian Empire at its greatest extent c. 620, under Khosrow II (from History of Bahrain)
Image 29Purple – Portuguese in the Persian Gulf in the 16th and 17th centuries. Main cities, ports and routes. (from Bahrain)
Image 30The National Union Committee members in 1954 (from History of Bahrain)
Image 31The Khamis Mosque in 1956. (from History of Bahrain)
Image 32King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa meets U.S. President Donald Trump, May 2017 (from Bahrain)
Image 33The podium ceremony at the 2007 Bahrain Grand Prix (from Bahrain)
Image 34This photograph shows the coronation of Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa as the Hakim of Bahrain in February 1933. (from Bahrain)
Image 35Manama harbor, c. 1870 (from Bahrain)
Image 36The Portuguese Fort of Barém, built by the Portuguese Empire while it ruled Bahrain from 1521 to 1602. (from Bahrain)
Image 37Shaikh Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, the King of Bahrain (from Bahrain)
Image 38Overview of Manama, 1953. (from Bahrain)
Image 39Bahraini protests against the ruling Al Khalifa family in 2011 (from Bahrain)
Image 40The Portuguese Fort in 1870. (from History of Bahrain)
Image 41The cities of Muharraq (foreground) and Manama (background) (from Bahrain)
Image 42Al-Hidaya Al-Khalifia Boys school. (from History of Bahrain)
Image 43Manama souq in 1965 (from Bahrain)
Image 44Facsimile of a letter sent by Muhammad to Munzir ibn-Sawa al-Tamimi, governor of Bahrain, in AD 628 (from Bahrain)
Image 45The Persian Empire in the Sassanid era on the eve of the Arab conquest, c. 600 AD. (from Bahrain)
Image 46Phoenicians man their ships in service to Assyrian king Sennacherib, during his war against the Chaldeans in the Persian Gulf, ca. 700 BC (from History of Bahrain)
Image 47Bahrainis observing public prayers in Manama (from Bahrain)
Image 48Map of Manama in 1926. (from History of Bahrain)
Image 49A proportional representation of Bahrain exports, 2019 (from Bahrain)
Image 50Several people held a sit-in in solidarity with human rights activist Nabeel Rajab (from Bahrain)
Image 51A view of Arad Fort (from History of Bahrain)
Image 52The Bahrain national football team playing Australia on June 10, 2009, in a World Cup qualifier (from Bahrain)
Image 53Inside Riffa Fort (from History of Bahrain)
Image 54GDP per capita development in Bahrain (from Bahrain)

Did you know -

... that Tom Collins resigned the presidency of RCSI-Bahrain over the alleged government cancellation of an ethics conference?

More Did you know (auto-generated)

... that infectious diseases specialist Jameela Al Salman has supported the development of medical robots and called their use in Bahrain a "pioneering experiment"?
... that Tala Bashmi played on the Bahrain women's national football team for seven years before opening a restaurant in a Manama hotel?
... that the 2021 film West Side Story was banned in the UAE, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Kuwait, Oman, and Bahrain, likely due to the transgender character Anybodys?
... that Bahraini businesswoman Yara Salman founded a beauty salon, a medical center, an entertainment complex, and a restaurant in the past decade?

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