Satelit Saturnus

Satelit-satelit Saturnus adalah satelit alami yang mengelilingi planet Saturnus. Satelit ini ukurannya bervariasi antara kurang dari 1 km hingga lebih besar dari planet Merkurius. Saturnus memiliki 62 satelit, dengan 53 di antaranya telah dinamai dan hanya 13 di antaranya memiliki diameter lebih besar dari 50 kilometer.[1][2][3] Tujuh satelit cukup besar sehingga bersifat elipsoidal. Beberapa satelit terpenting Saturnus adalah Titan, satelit terbesar kedua di Tata Surya dengan atmosfer mirip Bumi yang kaya akan nitrogen dan bentang alam yang berisi danau-danau hidrokarbon dan jaringan sungai kering,[4] dan Enceladus, yang mengeluarkan gas dan debu dan mungkin memiliki air di wilayah kutub selatannya.[5]

Saturnus dan satelit-satelitnya.
Diagram ini menunjukkan orbit satelit ireguler Saturnus. Di tengah, orbit Titan, sebuah satelit yang reguler, ditandai dengan warna merah sebagai perbandingan.

Ukuran
Satelit utama Saturnus, dibandingkan dengan Bulan
Nama
 Diameter
(km)[6]		 Massa
(kg)[7]		 Radius orbit
(km)[8]		 Periode orbit
(hari)[8]
Mimas396
(12% Bulan)		4×1019
(0.05% Bulan)		185,539
(48% Bulan)		0.9
(3% Bulan)
Enceladus504
(14% Bulan)		1.1×1020
(0.2% Bulan)		237,948
(62% Bulan)		1.4
(5% Bulan)
Tethys1,062
(30% Bulan)		6.2×1020
(0.8% Bulan)		294,619
(77% Bulan)		1.9
(7% Bulan)
Dione1,123
(32% Bulan)		1.1×1021
(1.5% Bulan)		377,396
(98% Bulan)		2.7
(10% Bulan)
Rhea1,527
(44% Bulan)		2.3×1021
(3% Bulan)		527,108
(137% Bulan)		4.5
(20% Bulan)
Titan5,149
(148% Bulan)
(75% Mars)		1.35×1023
(180% Bulan)		1,221,870
(318% Bulan)		16
(60% Bulan)
Iapetus1,470
(42% Bulan)		1.8×1021
(2.5% Bulan)		3,560,820
(926% Bulan)		79
(290% Bulan)

Daftar
Diagram orbit bulan-bulan Saturnus

Bulan-bulan Saturnus di daftar ini diurutkan berdasarkan periode orbit (atau sumbu semi-mayor), dari yang terpendek hingga terpanjang. Bulan yang cukup masif dilambangkan dengan huruf tebal, sedangkan bulan yang tidak beraturan dilambangkan dengan warna merah, oranye, dan abu-abu.

Lambang
†

Bulan es yang besar

 ♠

Titan

 ‡

Kelompok inuit

 ♦

Kelompok Gallic

 ♣

Kelompok norse

Bulan yang telah dikonfirmasi
Urutan Label Nama Pengucapan Gambar Magnitudo absolut Diameter (km)[lower-alpha 1] Massa
(×1015 kg) [lower-alpha 2]		 Sumbu semi-mayor (km)[lower-alpha 3] Periode orbit (h)[lower-alpha 3][lower-alpha 4] Inklinasi [lower-alpha 3][lower-alpha 5] Eksentrisitas Tahun penemuan[12] Penemu
[12]
1S/2009 S/2009 S 1—≈20?≈ 0,3< 0,0001≈ 117.000≈ 0,47≈ 0°≈ 02009Cassini[3]
(bulan kecil)—?0.04 hingga 0.4< 0,0001≈ 130.000≈ 0,55≈ 0°≈ 02006Cassini
2XVIIIPan Pan/ˈpæn/9.128,2±2,6
(34 × 31 × 20)		4,95±0,75133.584+0,575050.001°0,0000351990M. Showalter
3XXXVDaphnis Daphnis/ˈdæfnɪs/12.07,6±1,6
(9 × 8 × 6)		0,084±0,012136.505+0,59408≈ 0°≈ 02005Cassini
4XVAtlas Atlas/ˈætləs/10.730,2±1,8
(41 × 35 × 19)		6,6±0,045137.670+0,601690.003°0,00121980Voyager 1
5XVIPrometheus Prometheus/proʊˈmiːθiəs/6.586,2±5,4
(136 × 79 × 59)		159,5±1,5139.380+0,612990.008°0,00221980Voyager 1
6XVIIPandora Pandora/pænˈdɔːrə/6.681,4±3,0
(104 × 81 × 64)		137,1±1,9141.720+0,628500.050°0,00421980Voyager 1
7aXIEpimetheus Epimetheus/ɛpɪˈmiːθiəs/5.6116,2±3,6
(130 × 114 × 106)		526,6±0,6151.422+0,694330.335°0,00981977J. Fountain, and S. Larson
7bXJanus Janus/ˈdʒeɪnəs/4.7179,0±2,8
(203 × 185 × 153)		1.897,5±0,6151.472+0,694660.165°0,00681966A. Dollfus
9LIIIAegaeon Aegaeon/iːˈdʒiːən/≈20.3?≈ 0,5≈ 0,0001167.500+0,808120.001°0,00022008Cassini
10IMimas †Mimas/ˈmaɪməs/4.2396,4±0,8
(416 × 393 × 381)		37.493±31185.404+0,9424221.566°0,02021789W. Herschel
11XXXIIMethone Methone/mɪˈθoʊniː/13.83,2±1,2≈ 0,02194.440+1,009570.007°0,00012004Cassini
12XLIXAnthe Anthe/ˈænθiː/14.81,8≈ 0,0015197.700+1,050890.1°0,00112007Cassini
13XXXIIIPallene Pallene/pəˈliːniː/12.95,0±1,2
(6 × 6 × 4)		≈ 0,05212.280+1,153750.181°0,00402004Cassini
14IIEnceladus †Enceladus/ɛnˈsɛlədəs/1.7504,2±0,4
(513 × 503 × 497)		108.022±101237.950+1,3702180.010°0,00471789W. Herschel
15IIITethys †Tethys/ˈtiːθɪs/0.31062±1,2
(1077 × 1057 × 1053)		617.449±132294.619+1,8878020.168°0,00011684G. Cassini
15aXIIITelesto Telesto/tɪˈlɛstoʊ/8.724,8±0,8
(33 × 24 × 20)		≈ 9,41294.619+1,8878021.158°0,00001980B. Smith, H. Reitsema, S. Larson, and J. Fountain
15bXIVCalypso Calypso/kəˈlɪpsoʊ/8.721,4±1,4
(30 × 23 × 14)		≈ 6,3294.619+1,8878021.473°0,00001980D. Pascu, P. Seidelmann, W. Baum, and D. Currie
18IVDione †Dione/daɪˈoʊniː/0.41.122,8±0,8
(1128 × 1123 × 1119)		1.095.452±168377.396+2,7369150.002°0,00221684G. Cassini
18aXIIHelene Helene/ˈhɛlɪniː/7.335,2±0,8
(43 × 38 × 26)		≈ 24,46377.396+2,7369150.212°0,00221980P. Laques and J. Lecacheux
18bXXXIVPolydeuces/pɒliˈdjuːsiːz/13.52,6±0,8
(3 × 2 × 1)		≈ 0,03377.396+2,7369150.177°0,01922004Cassini
21VRhea †Rhea/ˈriːə/-0.21.527,0±1,2
(1530 × 1526 × 1525)		2.306.518±353527.108+4,5182120.327°0,0012581672G. Cassini
22VITitan ♠Titan/ˈtaɪtən/-1.35.149,46±0,18
(5149 × 5149 × 5150)		134.520.000±20.0001.221.930+15,945420.3485°0,02881655C. Huygens
23VIIHyperion †Hyperion/haɪˈpɪəriən/4.8270±8
(360 × 266 × 205)		5620±501.481.010+21,276610.568°0,1230061848W. Bond
G. Bond
W. Lassell
24VIIIIapetus †Iapetus/aɪˈæpɪtəs/0.61.468,6±5,6
(1491 × 1491 × 1424)		1.805.635±3753.560.820+79,321515.47°0,0286131671G. Cassini
25XXIVKiviuq ‡Kiviuq/ˈkɪviək/12.7≈ 16≈ 2,7911.294.800+448,1649.087°0,32882000B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al.
26XXIIIjiraq ‡Ijiraq/ˈiːɪrɒk/13.2≈ 12≈ 1,1811.355.316+451,7750.212°0,31612000B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al.
27IXPhoebe ♣†Phoebe/ˈfiːbiː/2.0213,0±1,4
(219 × 217 × 204)		8292±1012.869.700−545,09173.047°0,1562421899W. Pickering
28XXPaaliaq ‡Paaliaq/ˈpɑːliɒk/11.9≈ 22≈ 7,2515.103.400+692,9846.151°0,36312000B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al.
29XXVIISkathi ♣Skathi/ˈskɑːði/14.2≈ 8≈ 0,3515.672.500−732,52149.084°0,2462000B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al.
30 S/2019R ♣S/2004 S 37—15.9≈ 4≈ 0,0515.892.000−748,18162.937°0.49652019S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna
31 S/2007A ♣S/2007 S 2—15.7≈ 4≈ 0,0516.055.000−759,71176.65°0,23702007S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna, B. Marsden
32XXVIAlbiorix ♦Albiorix/ˌælbiˈɒrɪks/11.4≈ 32≈ 22,316.266.700+774,5838.042°0,4772000M. Holman
33 S/2019J ‡S/2004 S 29—15.8≈ 4≈ 0,0516.981.000+826,4445.102°0,44012019S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna, B. Marsden
34XXXVIIBebhionn ♦Bebhionn/bɛˈviːn/14.9≈ 6≈ 0,1517.153.520+838,7740.484°0,3332004S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna
35XXVIIIErriapus ♦Erriapus/ɛriˈæpəs/13.7≈ 10≈ 0,6817.236.900+844,8938.109°0,47242000B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al.
36XLVIISkoll ♣Skoll/ˈskɒl/15.4≈ 6≈ 0,1517.473.800−862,37155.624°0,4182006S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna
37 S/2019L ‡S/2004 S 31—15.6≈ 4≈ 0,0517.568.000+869,6548.815°0,24032019S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna, B. Marsden
38XXIXSiarnaq ‡Siarnaq/ˈsiːɑːrnək/10.6≈ 40≈ 43,517.776.600+884,8845.798°0,249612000B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al.
39LIITarqeq ‡Tarqeq/ˈtɑːrkeɪk/14.8≈ 7≈ 0,2317.910.600+894,8649.904°0,10812007S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna
40 (hilang)S/2004B ♣S/2004 S 13—15.6≈ 6≈ 0,1518.056.300
(18.183.000±2.020.000[13])		−905,85
(-915.47[13])		167.379°0,261
(0,2653±0,0809[13])		2004S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna
41LIGreip ♣Greip/ˈɡreɪp/15.3≈ 6≈ 0,1518.065.700−906,56172.666°0,37352006S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna
42XLIVHyrrokkin ♣Hyrrokkin/hɪˈrɒkɪn/14.3≈ 8≈ 0,3518.168.300−914,29153.272°0,36042006S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna
43LJarnsaxa ♣Jarnsaxa/jɑːrnˈsæksə/15.7≈ 6≈ 0,1518.556.900−943,78162.861°0,19182006S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna
44XXITarvos ♦Tarvos/ˈtɑːrvəs/12.8≈ 15≈ 2,318.562.800+944,2334.679°0,53052000B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al.
45XXVMundilfari ♣Mundilfari/mʊndəlˈværi/14.5≈ 7≈ 0,2318.725.800−956,70169.378°0,1982000B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al.
46 S/2006 ♣S/2006 S 1—15.5≈ 6≈ 0,1518.930.200−972,41154.232°0,13032006S. Sheppard, D.C. Jewitt, J. Kleyna
47 (hilang)S/2004C ♣S/2004 S 17—16.0≈ 4≈ 0,0519.099.200
(19.080.000±685.000[13])		−985,45
(-984.11[13])		166.881°0,226
(0,2268±0,0440[13])		2004S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna
48XXXVIIIBergelmir ♣Bergelmir/bɛərˈjɛlmɪər/15.1≈ 6≈ 0,1519.104.000−985,83157.384°0,1522004S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna
49XXXINarvi ♣Narvi/ˈnɑːrvi/14.6≈ 7≈ 0,2319.395.200−1.008,45137.292°0,3202003S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna
50 S/2019A ♣S/2004 S 20—15.8≈ 3≈ 0,0319.418.000−1.010,55162.570°0,1972019S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna
51XXIIISuttungr ♣Suttungr/ˈsʊtʊŋɡər/14.3≈ 7≈ 0,2319.579.000−1.022,82174.321°0,1312000B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al.
52XLIIIHati ♣Hati/ˈhɑːti/13.5≈ 6≈ 0,1519.709.300−1.033,05163.131°0,2912004S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna
53 (hilang)S/2004A ♣S/2004 S 12—15.7≈ 5≈ 0,0919.905.900
(19.999.000±119.000[13])		−1.048,54
(-1056.23[13])		164.042°0,396
(0,3933±0,0223[13])		2004S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna
54 S/2019H ♣S/2004 S 27—15.3≈ 6≈ 0,1519.976.000−1.054,45167.804°0,12202019S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna, B. Marsden, R. Jacobson
55XLFarbauti ♣Farbauti/fɑːrˈbaʊti/15.6≈ 5≈ 0,0919.984.800−1.054,78158.361°0,2092004S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna
56XXXThrymr ♣Thrymr/ˈθrɪmər/14.3≈ 7≈ 0,2320.278.100−1.078,09174.524°0,4532000B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al.
57 S/2019K ♣S/2004 S 30—16.2≈ 3≈ 0,0320.396.000−1.087,84156.3°[14]0.11292019S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna
58XXXVIAegir ♣Aegir/ˈaɪ.ɪər/15.4≈ 6≈ 0,1520.482.900−1.094,46167.425°0,2372004S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna
59 (hilang)S/2007B ♣S/2007 S 3—15.7≈ 5≈ 0,0920.518.500
(19.202.000±519.000[13]		≈ −1100
(-993.50[13])		177.22°0,130
(0,1499±0,0336[13])		2007S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna
60XXXIXBestla ♣Bestla/ˈbɛstlə/14.7≈ 7≈ 0,2320.570.000−1.101,45147.395°0,51452004S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna
61 (hilang)S/2007C ♣S/2004 S 7—15.2≈ 6≈ 0,1520.576.700
(20.685.000±396.000[13])		−1.101,99
(−1.111,09[13])		165.596°0,5299
(0,5549±0,0212[13])		2004S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna
62 S/2019C ♣S/2004 S 22—16.1≈ 3≈ 0,0320.636.000−1.107,132177.321°0,25132019S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna
63 S/2019D ♣S/2004 S 23—15.6≈ 4≈ 0,0521.163.000−1.149,82176.988°0,37292019S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna
64 S/2019F ♣S/2004 S 25—15.9≈ 4≈ 0,0521.174.000−1.150,69172.996°0,44242019S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna
65 S/2019M ♣S/2004 S 32—15.6≈ 4≈ 0,0521.214.000−1.153,96159.091°0,25052019S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna
66 S/2006 ♣S/2006 S 3—15.6≈ 6≈ 0,1521.308.000−1.161,65152.878°0,47072006S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna
67 S/2019S ♣S/2004 S 38—15.9≈ 4≈ 0,0521.908.000−1.211,024154.090°0,43662019S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna
68XLIFenrir ♣Fenrir/ˈfɛnrɪər/15.9≈ 4≈ 0,0521.930.644−1.212,53162.832°0,1312004S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna
69 S/2019I ♣S/2004 S 28—15.8≈ 4≈ 0,0522.020.000−1.220,31170.322°0,14282019S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna, B. Marsden
70XLVIIISurtur ♣Surtur/ˈsɜːrtər/15.7≈ 6≈ 0,1522.288.916−1.242,36166.918°0,36802006S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna
71XLVKari ♣Kari/ˈkɑːri/14.9≈ 7≈ 0,2322.321.200−1.245,06148.384°0,34052006S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna
72 S/2019P ♣S/2004 S 3515.5≈ 6≈ 0,1522.412.000−1.253,08176.717°0,18372019S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna, B. Marsden
73XIXYmir ♣Ymir/ˈɪmɪər/12.3≈ 18≈ 3,9722.429.673−1.254,15172.143°0,33492000B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al.
74 S/2019B ♣S/2004 S 21—16.3≈ 3≈ 0,0322.645.000−1.272,61159.950°0,31832019S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna
75 S/2019E S/2004 S 24—16.0≈ 3≈ 0,0322.901.000+1.294,2535.538°0.08462019S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna, B. Marsden
76XLVILoge ♣Loge/ˈlɔɪ.eɪ/15.4≈ 6≈ 0,1522.984.322−1.300,95166.539°0,13902006S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna
77 S/2019Q ♣S/2004 S 36—16.1≈ 3≈ 0,0323.192.000−1.319,07154.992°0,74842019S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna
78 S/2019T ♣S/2004 S 39—16.3≈ 3≈ 0,0323.575.000−1.351,83166.579°0.08042019S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna
79 S/2019N ♣S/2004 S 33—15.9≈ 4≈ 0,0524.168.000−1.403,18160.471°0,39942019S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna
80 S/2019O ♣S/2004 S 34—16.1≈ 3≈ 0,0324.299.000−1.414,59166.039°0,23522019S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna
81XLIIFornjot ♣Fornjot/ˈfɔːrnjɒt/15.3≈ 6≈ 0,1524.504.879−1.432,16167.886°0,1862004S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna
82 S/2019G ♣S/2004 S 26—15.8≈ 4≈ 0,0526.676.000−1.627,18171.369°0,16452019S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna, B. Marsden

Bulan yang belum dikonfirmasi

Benda-benda berikut (diamati oleh Cassini) belum dikonfirmasi sebagai satelit Saturnus. Belum jelas apakah ini benar-benar satelit atau gumpalan dalam Cincin F.[15]

Nama Gambar Diameter (km) Sumbu semi-mayor (km)[10] Periode orbit (h)[10] Posisi Tahun Penemuan
S/2004 S 6 ≈ 3–5 ≈ 140.130 +0,61801 benda tidak jelas di sekitar Cincin F. 2004
S/2004 S 3/S 4 ≈ 3–5 ≈ 140.300 ≈ +0,619 2004
S/2001 S 7 ??? ??? ??? Cincin F 2001
S/2001 S 4 ??? 122 124 0.633 19 Cincin F 2001

Catatan kaki
  1. Diameter dan dimensi dari satelit bagian dalam: Pan, Janus, Methone, Pallene, Telepso, Calypso, Helene, Hyperion dan Phoebe diambil dari Thomas 2010, Tabel 3.[6] Diameter dan dimensi Mimas, Enceladus, Tethys, Dione, Rhea, dan Iapetus diambil dari Thomas 2010, Tabel 1.[6] Perkiraan ukuran satelit Saturnus lainnya berasal dari situs web Scott Sheppard.[9]
  2. Massa dari bulan-bulan besar diambil dari Jacobson, 2006.[7] Massa Pan, Daphnis, Atlas, Prometheus, Pandora, Epimetheus, Janus, Hyperion dan Phoebe diambil dari Thomas, 2010, Tabel 3.[6] Massa bulan-bulan kecil lainnya dihitung dengan asumsi massa jenis 1.3 g/cm3.
  3. Parameter orbit diambil dari Spitale, et al. 2006,[10] IAU-MPC Natural Satellites Ephemeris Service,[11] dan NASA/NSSDC.[8]
  4. Periode orbit negatif menunjukkan orbit retrograde di sekitar Saturnus (berlawanan dengan rotasi planet).
  5. Ke ekuator Saturnus untuk satelit reguler, dan ke ekliptika untuk satelit ireguler.

Referensi
  1. "Solar System Exploration Planets Saturn: Moons: S/2009 S1". NASA. Diakses tanggal January 17, 2010.
  2. Sheppard, Scott S. "The Giant Planet Satellite and Moon Page". Departament of Terrestrial Magnetism at Carniege Institution for science. Diakses tanggal 2008-08-28.
  3. Porco, C. and the Cassini Imaging Team (November 2, 2009). "S/2009 S1". IAU Circular. 9091. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2011-06-11. Diakses tanggal 2013-08-17.
  4. Science, Nola Taylor Redd 2018-03-27T01:32:00Z; Astronomy. "Titan: Facts About Saturn's Largest Moon". Space.com (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2019-11-09.
  5. "Enceladus". NASA Solar System Exploration. Diakses tanggal 2019-11-09.
  6. Thomas, P. C. (July 2010). "Sizes, shapes, and derived properties of the saturnian satellites after the Cassini nominal mission" (PDF). Icarus. 208 (1): 395–401. Bibcode:2010Icar..208..395T. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2010.01.025. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2018-12-23. Diakses tanggal 2019-11-09.
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