November 1962

The following events occurred in November 1962:

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November 30, 1962: U Thant elected to full term as UN Secretary General
November 7, 1962: Former First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt dies at age 78
November 13, 1962: Joseph, father of Jesus, added to veneration by Pope John XXIII

November 1, 1962 (Thursday)

November 2, 1962 (Friday)

November 3, 1962 (Saturday)
  • The earliest use of the term "personal computer" by the media, was made in the New York Times in a story about John W. Mauchly's speech the day before to the American Institute of Industrial Engineers. Mauchly, "inventor of some of the original room-size computers" said that "in a decade or so", everyone would have their own computer with "exchangeable wafer-thin data storage files to provide inexhaustible memories and answer most problems". Mauchly was quoted as saying, "There is no reason to suppose the average boy or girl cannot be master of a personal computer."[14]
  • In what one author describes as a milestone in the term "country music" replacing what had been referred to as "country and western", Billboard magazine renamed its "Hot C&W Singles" chart to "Hot Country Singles", and stopped referring to "western" music altogether.[15]
  • As the state of emergency in India continued, the Defence of India Ordinance took effect. President Radhakrishnan suspended Article 21 (preventing the deprivation of life or liberty without due process) and Article 22 (prohibiting "preventive detention") of the Constitution of India.[16]
  • A group of bandits murdered 25 passengers and the driver on a bus that was traveling near the city of Neiva, Huila in Colombia. The group appeared on the road, ordered the bus to stop, fired guns inside and then hacked the occupants to death with machetes. Six other people survived the attack with injuries.[17]
  • Born: Amy B. Smith, American computer engineer, in Lexington, Massachusetts; Jacqui Smith, British politician and former Home Secretary, known for her involvement in the United Kingdom parliamentary expenses scandal[18]
  • Died: Harlow Curtice, 69, American automobile executive and President of General Motors from 1953 to 1958

November 4, 1962 (Sunday)
  • The United States conducted an atmospheric nuclear test for the last time, and all of its tests since then have been made underground. The Soviet Union would halt atmospheric testing less than two months later, the last explosion being on Christmas Day. The last atmospheric test ever would be by China on October 16, 1980.[19]
  • The body of USAF Major Rudolf Anderson, the only fatality in the Cuban Missile Crisis, was returned to the United States by Cuba.[20]
  • The first Mexican Grand Prix was won by Jim Clark and Trevor Taylor.
  • Born: Jean-Pierre Bemba, Congolese presidential candidate in 2006, former Vice-President, and convicted war criminal; in Bokada
  • Died: Enos, 6, the first chimpanzee to orbit the earth. Enos was sent up by the U.S. aboard the Mercury-Atlas 5 (MA-5) spacecraft three months before John Glenn's orbital flight. The chimpanzee had been sick and under night and day observation and treatment for two months before his death. He was afflicted with shigella dysentary, a type resistant to antibiotics, and this caused his death. Officials at Holloman Air Force Base in New Mexico, where Enos died, said that there was "no connection with the two-orbit space flight the chimp made Nov. 29, 1961."[6][21]

November 5, 1962 (Monday)
  • President Ayub Khan of Pakistan was given a note from U.S. Ambassador Walter P. McConaughy, on authorization from President Kennedy, which said that "The Government of the United States of America reaffirms its previous assurances to the Government of Pakistan that it will come to Pakistan's assistance in the event of aggression from India against Pakistan." The existence of the pledge was kept secret, but in 1971, National Security Adviser Henry Kissinger would reveal its existence to Anatoly Dobrynin, the Soviet Ambassador to the U.S.[22]
  • Saudi Arabia broke off diplomatic relations with Egypt, following a period of unrest partly caused by the defection of several Saudi princes to Egypt.
  • A coal mining disaster in Ny-Ålesund, on the Arctic island of Spitsbergen, killed 21 people.[23] The Norwegian government would be forced to resign in August 1963 in the aftermath of this accident.
  • The Rotary Club service organization established the Rotary Interact program for boys aged 12 to 18, with the first chapter in Melbourne, Florida.[24]
  • Martin Luther King Jr. visited the University of Michigan.[25] In the course of the day, he made a speech at Hill Auditorium and participated in a group discussion at the Michigan Union.

November 6, 1962 (Tuesday)
  • In his first meeting with his cabinet, Saudi Arabia's Prime Minister and Crown Prince Faisal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (who would become the King in 1964) announced the immediate abolition of slavery within the Kingdom and plans to have the government pay owners for the manumission of their slaves as part of a program of modernization and reform. [26][27]
  • The United Nations General Assembly passed a resolution condemning South Africa's racist apartheid policies, and called for all UN member states to cease military and economic relations with the nation. The result was 67 in favor, 16 against (including the U.S., the U.K., France, Japan, Canada, New Zealand and South Africa), and 27 abstaining.[28]
  • In midterm elections in the United States, the ruling Democratic Party maintained control of the House of Representatives (261-174) and increased its majority in the Senate (64-36). Former U.S. Vice-President Richard M. Nixon, who had narrowly lost the 1960 presidential election to John F. Kennedy, was heavily defeated in his bid to become Governor of California, while the President's younger brother, 30-year-old Teddy Kennedy, was elected U.S. Senator for Massachusetts.[29]
  • James E. Mills, the editor of the Birmingham Post-Herald, was arrested for violating Alabama's state election laws after publishing an editorial in that newspaper, urging voters to support a proposed change in city government. Under the law, soliciting votes on election day was a criminal offense. A trial court initially dismissed the charges as an unconstitutionally-broad interpretation of the law against electioneering on the day of an election, but the Alabama Supreme Court would reverse the dismissal and send the case back to trial. On May 23, 1966, the U.S. Supreme Court, in Mills v. Alabama would reverse the Alabama Court, with Justice Hugo Black noting that "Suppression of the right of the press to... contend for or against change, which was all this editorial did, muzzles one of the very agencies the framers of our Constitution thoughtfully and deliberately selected to improve our society and keep it free." [30]
  • Voters in San Francisco, Alameda County and Contra Costa County, California approved the creation of the Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) system.[31]

November 7, 1962 (Wednesday)

November 8, 1962 (Thursday)

November 9, 1962 (Friday)
November 9, 1962: Damaged North American X-15-2 after emergency landing
  • American test pilot John B. McKay was seriously injured in a forced landing of a North American X-15 spaceplane at Mud Lake, Nevada. Although McKay's injuries did not appear to be disabling at the time, they would eventually shorten his career.[40]
  • Died: Louise Hanson Dyer, 78, Australian music publisher and patron of the arts

November 10, 1962 (Saturday)

November 11, 1962 (Sunday)
  • The French ship Jean Gougy ran aground at Land's End, Cornwall, United Kingdom and capsized. Eight of the twenty crew were rescued by helicopter or breeches buoy. Sergeant Eric Smith of 22 Squadron, Royal Air Force would be awarded a George Medal for his actions in the rescue.[46]
  • The first constitution for Kuwait was approved by the Emir, Abdullah III Al-Salim Al-Sabah, providing for an elected unicameral parliament of 50 members, an executive rule by "the descendants of the late Mubarak Al-Sabah", and specifying, in Article 2, that in the absence of specific legislation, the Sharia Islamic law was to govern the emirate's jurisprudence.[47]
  • Article 14 of the Indian Constitution, the right to equal protection of the laws, was suspended by Presidential order as part of the Defence of India Ordinance; the suspension of constitutional rights under Articles 15, 21 and 22 would remain in effect until January 1969.[16]
  • Born: Demi Moore, American actress, as Demetria Guynes in Roswell, New Mexico

November 12, 1962 (Monday)
  • Two hand surgeons, Dr. Harold E. Kleinert and Dr. Mort Kasdan, performed the first successful revascularization of a severed digit (in this case, a partially amputated thumb) on a human patient, reconnecting the dorsal veins in order to restore function to the hand. The procedure took place at the University of Louisville hospital.[48]
  • U.S. Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy attended a reception for the visiting Bolshoi Ballet troupe at the Soviet Embassy in Washington, and passed along a verbal message from the President to Ambassador Dobrynin, to send to Chairman Khrushchev. In return for the U.S.S.R. announcing plans to remove their Ilyushin Il-28 bombers from Cuba over a 30-day period, President Kennedy said, the U.S. would end its blockade.[49]
  • Born:

November 13, 1962 (Tuesday)
the original stamp
the deliberate misprint
  • After American philatelists discovered a rare printing error, known to collectors now as the Dag Hammarskjöld invert, that affected 400 of the hundreds of thousands of four-cent commemorative stamps, U.S. Postmaster General J. Edward Day ordered 400,000 identical misprints in order to reduce the value of the original goofs, and commented, "The Post Office Department isn't run as a jackpot operation."[52] The mistake, which had changed the background on two sheets of 200 stamps, had been the first by the U.S. Post Office in 44 years and made each 4-cent issue worth as much as 350 dollars to collectors.[53] Collector Leonard Sherman, who had purchased an unbroken sheet of 50 inverts, saw a potential fortune of $175,000 get deflated to $2.[54]
  • Gordon Cooper was named as the pilot for the Mercury-Atlas 9 (MA-9) 1-day orbital mission slated for April 1963. Alan Shepard, pilot of Mercury-Redstone 3 (MR-3), was designated as backup pilot.[6]
  • The B. F. Goodrich Company reported that it had successfully designed, fabricated, and tested a pivoted light attenuation tinted visor to be mounted on a government-issued Mercury spacesuit helmet.[6]
  • Died: Baron Stasys Šilingas, 77, Lithuanian lawyer and statesman

November 14, 1962 (Wednesday)
  • Eritrea, for ten years an autonomous unit that was part of a federation with Ethiopia, lost its independence by annexation as the 14th province of the Ethiopian Empire. With a force of Ethiopian soldiers outside the Eritrean Assembly building in the region's capital, Asmara, the Eritrean administrator, Asfaha Woldemichael, urged the Assembly to pass a resolution to unite with the "Motherland". The next day, Ethiopia's Emperor Haile Selassie issued Order No. 27, citing the unanimous approval of the Assembly.[55] After another 18 years of war, Eritrea would regain its independence in 1991.[56]
  • In the Quebec general election, the Quebec Liberal Party, led by Jean Lesage, was re-elected.
  • At about 1:30 AM, the southeast door of the Salt Lake Temple of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), located on Temple Square in Salt Lake City, Utah, was bombed. FBI agents state that the explosive had been wrapped around the door handles on the southeast entrance of the temple. The large wooden entrance doors were damaged by flying fragments of metal and glass, and eleven exterior windows were shattered. Damage to interior walls occurred 25 feet (7.6 m) inside the temple, but damage to the interior was minor.[57]

November 15, 1962 (Thursday)
  • Danish Defence Minister Poul Hansen resigned his position to replace the recently deceased Hans R. Knudsen as Minister of Finance.[58]
  • The Greek freighter Captain George, with a cargo of explosives, caught fire during a storm while sailing in the Caribbean Sea near Bermuda. The crew of 25 abandoned the ship and boarded a lifeboat, which capsized after being battered by 45-foot (14 m) high waves.[59]
  • Archie Moore, who had reigned as boxing's world light heavyweight champion between 1952 and 1962, fought unbeaten challenger Cassius Clay (later Muhammad Ali) in Los Angeles. Clay, who had gained a reputation as "the Louisville Lip who calls the round for a knockout and makes it come true",[60] predicted that he would win in four rounds and knocked Moore out in the fourth.
  • Died: Irene Gibbons, 61, American film costume designer. Mrs. Gibbons, who billed herself simply as "Irene", checked into Room 1129 of the Knickerbocker Hotel in Los Angeles, drank heavily, wrote a suicide note and then jumped to her death.[61][62]

November 16, 1962 (Friday)

November 17, 1962 (Saturday)

November 18, 1962 (Sunday)
  • After a three-week pause during the Sino-Indian War in China's offensive on the Indian frontier to allow reinforcement and buildup of troops, a second and more massive invasion began, with Chinese troops overrunning Indian positions in the Indian state of Assam.[70]
  • The first round of voting took place for the 482 seats in France's Chamber of Deputies, with 96 of the candidates winning a majority of the votes in their races, including 45 of Charles De Gaulle's UNR Party. The remaining 386 seats would be decided in the second round on November 25, with only a plurality of the votes required.[71]
  • The Greek liberty ship Captain George exploded and sank with the loss of 18 crew. Another 13 crew members were rescued.[72]
  • Born: Kirk Hammett, American guitarist and songwriter in the heavy metal band Metallica, in San Francisco
Niels Bohr
  • Died:
    • Niels Bohr, 77, Danish physicist and Nobel laureate. Element 107, bohrium, is named in his honor.
    • Dennis Chavez, 74, Hispanic American politician and U.S. Senator for New Mexico since 1935

November 19, 1962 (Monday)

November 20, 1962 (Tuesday)

November 21, 1962 (Wednesday)

November 22, 1962 (Thursday)
  • A mob of between 100 and 250 black South African members of the terrorist group Poqo marched from the township of Mbekweni and into white neighborhoods in the city of Paarl. Armed with machetes and clubs, the group surrounded the police station, while others entered homes at random, and attacked residents in the early morning hours, while others vandalized storefronts in the downtown.[77]
  • In the UK, the Chippenham by-election, caused by previous MP David Eccles, having been raised to the House of Lords, was won by Daniel Awdry of the Conservative Party.
  • Died: René Coty, 80, President of France 1954 to 1959

November 23, 1962 (Friday)

November 24, 1962 (Saturday)

November 25, 1962 (Sunday)
  • The second round of voting for France's Chamber of Deputies took place, as President De Gaulle's UNR party won 188 of the remaining 386 seats still contested, giving the UNR a total of 233 seats in the 482 seat Chamber, 8 short of a majority. With the support of at least 30 other candidates from other parties, the UNR had enough to form a coalition government.[82]

November 26, 1962 (Monday)

November 27, 1962 (Tuesday)
Boeing 727 production
  • The first Boeing 727 was rolled out from its hangar in Seattle, and would be flown for the first time on February 9, 1963, with Eastern Airlines putting it into commercial service a year later.[83]
  • French President Charles De Gaulle ordered Georges Pompidou to form a new government.

November 28, 1962 (Wednesday)
The "Zip Code" introduced
  • U.S. Postmaster General J. Edward Day announced the "Zoning Improvement Plan" that would implement a five-digit number identifying each post office in the United States, beginning on July 1, 1963. The "ZIP Code" was initially intended for businesses that had high speed electronic data sorters, but Day said that use by private citizens would not be mandatory, noting that "We're not too concerned if Aunt Minnie doesn't put the numbers on her letter."[85][86]
  • The United States Armed Forces returned its defense readiness condition to DEFCON 4 after having been at DEFCON 2 since October 23 during the start of the Cuban Missile Crisis.[87]
  • Mercury Simulator 2 was modified to the 1-day Mercury orbital configuration in preparation for the Mercury-Atlas 9 (MA-9) flight.[6]
  • On this date, the McDonnell Aircraft Corporation reported that as of October 31, 1962, it had expended 4,231,021 man-hours in engineering; 478,926 man-hours in tooling; and 2,509,830 man-hours in production in support of Project Mercury.[6]
  • Retrofire was reported to have initiated 2 seconds late during the Mercury-Atlas 8 (MA-8) mission. Because of this, the mechanics and tolerances of the Mercury orbital timing device were reviewed for the benefit of operational personnel, and the procedural sequence for Mercury retrofire initiation was outlined.[6]
  • Born: Jon Stewart, American comedian and host of The Daily Show, as Jonathan Stuart Leibowitz in New York City
Queen Wilhelmina

November 29, 1962 (Thursday)

November 30, 1962 (Friday)

References
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  2. Matthews, Mildred S.; et al. (1992). Mars. University of Arizona Press. p. 75.
  3. "Russian Wins 1962 Nobel Prize". Miami News. November 1, 1962. p. 2.
  4. Settembrini, Luigi (2001). 1951-2001 : made in Italy. Milano: Skira. p. 169. ISBN 9788884910004.
  5. "U.S. Resumes Air-Sea Watch". Miami News. November 1, 1962. p. 1.
  6. This article incorporates text from a publication in the public domain: Grimwood, James M. "PART III (B) Operational Phase of Project Mercury June 1962 through June 12, 1963". Project Mercury - A Chronology. NASA Special Publication-4001. NASA. Retrieved 13 February 2023.
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  14. "Pocket Computer May Replace Shopping List", New York Times, November 3, 1962
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  16. Imtiaz Omar, Emergency Powers and the Courts in India and Pakistan (Martinus Nijhoff, 2002) p86
  17. "26 on a Bus Killed by Colombia Bandits", Bridgeport Telegram, November 4, 1962, p2
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  20. "Our Patience At End In Cuba, Soviets Told". Miami News. November 5, 1962. p. 1.
  21. "Space Chimp Enos Succumbs". The Capital Times. Madison, Wisconsin. November 6, 1962. p. 1.
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  29. "Nixon Crushed In Demo Romp", Miami News, November 7, 1962, p1
  30. "Supreme Court Voids Curb on Election-Day Editorials", Chicago Tribune, May 24, 1966, p5
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  34. "BITTER NIXON BOWS OUT; DEMOCRATS HIKE CONTROL". Miami News. November 7, 1962. p. 1.
  35. "Mrs. FDR Dies In New York". Miami News. November 8, 1962. p. 1.
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  43. Belgian Government (10 November 1962), Certificate, awarding to Mom Luang Pin Malakul grand corden de l'Ordre de Léopold (in French)
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  49. Thomas Fensch, ed., The Kennedy-Khrushchev Letters (New Century Books, 2002) pp378-379
  50. "Pope Makes First Canon Change in 13 Centuries". San Antonio Express. November 14, 1962. p. 3-A.
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  52. "Postal Chief Says Misprint Justified". Hayward Daily Review. Hayward, California. November 14, 1962. p. 1.
  53. "Post Office Halts Sale of Dag Stamps, Checks for More Goofs". Long Beach Press Telegram. Long Beach, California. November 13, 1962. p. 2.
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  60. "Cassius Crown Prince Of Boxing With Prophesied Kayo Of Archie". Miami News. November 16, 1962. p. 1C.
  61. "Filmland's 'Irene' Leaps to Death". Pasadena Independent. November 16, 1962. p. 6.
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  85. "'Zip Code' to Shatter Postal Bottlenecks". Salt Lake Tribune. November 29, 1962. p. 5.
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  89. "Flight From Ship on Fiji Reef". The Times. No. 55564. London. 3 December 1962. col F, p. 10.
  90. "Terrible, Say Crash Survivors", Miami News, December 1, 1962, p1
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